Egg Handling
The best way to get clean eggs is to collect them often. Aim for two to three times each day so dirt and bacteria do not have time to build up.
Egg Washing Best Practices
Collect eggs often and check them carefully. Throw away any that are cracked, badly soiled, or laid on the floor, since these are more likely to carry germs. For intact eggs, follow the washing guidelines below.
Wash only when necessary
Eggs have a natural protective layer called the bloom or cuticle that helps keep bacteria out. Washing will remove this coating. Only wash an egg if it is lightly soiled, and follow the recommendations below to keep it safe.
Use warm water
When washing is needed, use water that is at least 20°F warmer than the egg. This is usually between 90 and 120°F. The water should feel warm to hot on your hands but not scalding. Warm water helps keep bacteria from moving through the shell into the egg. Do not use cool water or soak eggs, because that can draw germs inside.
Avoid soap or detergents
Always wash your hands and kitchen tools with warm, soapy water, but do not wash the eggs with soap. If an egg is dirty, first try dry cleaning it with a brush or fine-grit sandpaper. Soap and other cleaners can remove the egg’s natural protective coating and may leave a residue. Use warm water and gentle handling when washing is necessary.
Use a dedicated egg -washing brush
If an egg is lightly soiled and needs cleaning, gently scrub it with a clean brush that is used only for eggs. A brush helps remove dirt while keeping the shell’s protective coating in place. Do not use a rag or sponge because they can trap bacteria and spread germs. Wash and sanitize the brush after each use so it is ready for the next time. Always wash your hands before and after handling eggs.
Dry eggs immediately
After washing, dry eggs right away with a clean towel or let them air-dry in a clean area. Moisture left on the shell makes it easier for bacteria to grow and spread. If you use towels, choose single-use paper towels or freshly washed cloth towels to avoid cross-contamination. Make sure eggs are completely dry before putting them into cartons or the refrigerator.
Refrigerate promptly
Place eggs in the refrigerator as soon as they are dry. Keep them at 40°F or colder to slow the growth of harmful bacteria. Store eggs in a clean carton on a shelf inside the refrigerator, not in the door, because the temperature is more stable. Use eggs within three weeks for the best quality.
Safe handling instructions
To prevent illness from germs, keep eggs refrigerated, cook eggs until yolks are firm, and cook foods containing eggs thoroughly.
Comply with regulations
The steps above are for people collecting and eating eggs from their own flock. If you plan to sell eggs, different rules may apply in your state. These may include specific washing, labeling, or storage requirements. Check with your state agriculture department or local public health office before selling eggs.
Protect Yourself and Others from Disease
The term “zoonotic” refers to diseases that can spread from animals to people. In backyard flocks, germs like Avian Influenza, Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter can make people sick.
How can germs spread to you?
- By handling birds, droppings, or dirty equipment.
- Eating or drinking without washing your hands.
- Tracking germs into your home and vehicle on shoes, clothes, or tools.
- Washing waterers or tools in a kitchen or bathroom sink.
- From contaminated counters, cutting boards, or utensils that touched raw eggs or dirty shells.
- Eating undercooked or raw eggs, or foods made with them.
How can you stay safe?
- Wear shoes and clothes that are used only in the flock area, and keep them out of the house.
- Wash your hands after handling birds, eggs, or cleaning the coop.
- Do not eat or drink near your flock.
- Do not kiss or snuggle your birds.
- Always refrigerate and cook eggs properly to kill harmful bacteria.
- Clean and sanitize counters, utensils, and dishes after contact with raw eggs or dirty shells.
- Keep children and people at higher risk, such as older adults or those with weakened immune systems, away from the coop.
Why does this matter?
Taking these steps helps protect you and your family while enjoying your backyard flock.
